(a) State any four areas in which the application of learning curve theory can help a manufacturing organization. (5 marks) (b) Breakthrough Ltd provided the following standard cost card. Its budgeted production and sales for December 2021 were 10,000 units @ TZS 200,000 per unit. Budgeted fixed overheads were Tshs 200 million. The standard cost card of breakthrough Ltd. TZS Direct material 4 kg of A at Tshs 5,000 per kg 2 kg of B at Tshs 20,000 per kg Direct labour 20,000 40,000 (5 hours per unit of production at Tshs 15,000 per hour) 75,000 Variable overhead (5 hours at Tshs 5,000 per labour hour) 25.000 Total variable cost 160.000 The company has also provided the actual results for December 2021. (All the units produced during the period were sold. There is no closing inventory). TZS 000 Sales 10,500 units at Tshs 199,000 TZS 000 2,089,500 Direct material A. 40,000kg at Tshs 6,000 per kg 240,000 B. 23,000kg at Tshs 20,000 per kg. 460,000 Direct Labour 63,000 hours at Tshs 15,000 per hour 945,000 Variable overheads 63,000 hours at Tshs 4,000 per hour 252,000 (1,897,000) Actual contribution 192,500 Actual fixed overheads (178.000) Actual profit Required: Calculate: (@3 Marks) i. Material price and usage variance, i. Labour rate and efficiency variance, III. Variable overhead expenditure and efficiency variance, iv. Fixed overhead expenditure variance, V. Sales margin and Sales price variance Scanned with CamScanner 4, 14,500