1. A study by Bell (A-57) investigated the hypothesis that alteration of the vitamin D-endocrine system in individuals identifying as African-American or Black results from reduction in serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and that the alteration is reversed by oral treatment with 25-hydroxyvitamin D3. The eight subjects (three men and five women) were studied while on no treatment (control) and after having been given 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 for 7 days (25-OHD3). The .csv file BIOL310_Final_Q2 shows the urinary calcium (mg/d) determinations for the eight subjects under the two conditions.

Participant

Control

25-OHD3

Diff

1

66

98

32

2

115

142

27

3

54

78

24

4

88

101

13

5

82

134

52

6

115

158

43

7

176

219

43

8

46

60

14

1. Formulate relevant hypotheses, perform the appropriate tests, and find p values.
2. Construct and paste graphs/tables.
3. Construct confidence intervals for population parameters.
4. State the statistical decisions and clinical conclusions that the results of your hypothesis tests justify.