a) The chlorination reaction of ammonia occurs in a reactor. The reactant is usually available at a low temperature. Therefore, it must be heated in a furnace before being fed to the reactor. The chlorination reaction is exothermic, and a cooling jacket surrounds the reactor is used to remove the excess heat. An important controlled variable of the reactor is the reaction temperature. At the manipulating variable of the inlet temperature reactant is the flow of fuel valve since the cooling jacket could not provide cooling capacity required. Thus, it was decided to open the cooling valve completely and control the reactor temperature by manipulating the fuel valve. As a chemical engineer, summarize a complete block diagram for these control strategies as details given: Transmitter: The temperature controller receives a signal from a temperature transmitter at 0.5 mA/C. Controller: The temperature controller is proportional-integral (PID) with a gain of 12%C0/%TO integral time is 6 sec and derivative time is 12 sec. Control valve The control valve for temperature controller is represented by first-order transfer function with gain of (2 kg/h)/%CO, time constant of 5 sec. Process The relation between flowrate of fuel to the inlet reactant temperature is represented by first order plus dead time system with gain of 3 m/kg/hr, time constant 8.7 sec and time delay of 3 sec. (10 marks) a) The chlorination reaction of ammonia occurs in a reactor. The reactant is usually available at a low temperature. Therefore, it must be heated in a furnace before being fed to the reactor. The chlorination reaction is exothermic, and a cooling jacket surrounds the reactor is used to remove the excess heat. An important controlled variable of the reactor is the reaction temperature. At the manipulating variable of the inlet temperature reactant is the flow of fuel valve since the cooling jacket could not provide cooling capacity required. Thus, it was decided to open the cooling valve completely and control the reactor temperature by manipulating the fuel valve. As a chemical engineer, summarize a complete block diagram for these control strategies as details given: Transmitter: The temperature controller receives a signal from a temperature transmitter at 0.5 mA/C. Controller: The temperature controller is proportional-integral (PID) with a gain of 12%C0/%TO integral time is 6 sec and derivative time is 12 sec. Control valve The control valve for temperature controller is represented by first-order transfer function with gain of (2 kg/h)/%CO, time constant of 5 sec. Process The relation between flowrate of fuel to the inlet reactant temperature is represented by first order plus dead time system with gain of 3 m/kg/hr, time constant 8.7 sec and time delay of 3 sec. (10 marks)
