A. The variable overhead efficiency variance does not directly measure the performance of the managers who are responsible for overhead, but rather the performance of managers who control the fixed costs. The variable overhead efficiency variance indicates whether the actual fixed costs are more or less than the standard fixed costs. B. The variable overhead efficiency variance directly measures the performance of the managers who are responsible for overhead. These managers control the overhead spending and therefore are in control of all overhead costs. C. The variable overhead efficiency variance does not directly measure the performance of the managers who are responsible for overhead, but rather the performance of managers who control the cost driver for overhead. The variable overhead efficiency variance indicates whether actual use of the cost driver was more or less than the standard amount of the driver for the output achieved. D. The variable overhead efficiency variance does not directly measure the performance of the managers who are responsible for overhead, but rather the performance of managers who control the sales level. The variable overhead efficiency variance indicates whether the standard level of sales was more or less than the actual sales. What is a key success factor? A. A key success factor is the assumption that an organization minimizes the cost of quality when it achieves high quality levels. B. A key success factor is an action which drives the organization towards its goals. Note the difference between a key success factor and a characteristic or attribute. Key success factors require effort and can be observed on a short-term basis. C. A key success factor is a characteristic or attribute that must be achieved in order to drive the organization towards its goals. Note the difference between a key success factor and an action. Actions require effort and can be observed on a short-term basis. A cause-effect statement can be made that relates specific actions (or activities) to key success factors. \"If we (fill in the action), then we will (fill in the key success factor).\" For example, \"If we reduce order lead time, then we will be more responsive to our customers.\" Actions are verbs, key success factors are characteristics or attributes. D. A key success factor is when employees, working in their own perceived best interests, make decisions that help meet the overall goals of the organization