According to the SEC, an auditor is not independent of its issuer audit client in which of the following situations?

A$.$ The auditor's cousin has an insurance policy obtained from the issuer before it became an audit client.

B$.$ The auditor has an automobile loan at standard terms from the audit client that is collateralized by the automobile.

C$.$ The auditor has an investment in an entity that has the ability to exercise significant influence over the audit client.

D$.$ The auditor's grandparent was in an accounting role at the audit client and ended employment before the period under audit began.