After the capture of many of his people by U$.$S$.$ soldiers, Chief Joseph of the Nez Perce Indians gave a speech saying that

White Americans offered a superior way of life, especially in terms of public schools.

a massive alliance of Indians offered one last chance to turn back American settlement.

the time had come to stop fighting and put a stop to his people's needless deaths.

his people should resist White settlement to their very last man, woman, and child.