Alfred E$.$ Old and Beulah A$.$ Crane, each age $42,$ married on September $7,2021.$ Alfred

and Beulah will file a joint return for $2023.$ Alfred's Social Security number is $111-11-$

Beulah's Social Security number is $123-45-6780,$ and she has chosen to use "Old"

as her married name. They live at $211$ Brickstone Drive, Atlanta, GA $30304.$

Alfred was divorced from Sarah Old in March $2017.$ Under the divorce agreement,

Alfred is to pay Sarah $$1,250$ per month for the next $10$ years or until Sarah's death,

whichever occurs first. Alfred paid Sarah $$15,000$ in $2023.$ In addition, in January

$2023,$ Alfred paid Sarah $$50,000,$ which is designated as being for her share of the

marital property. Also, Alfred is responsible for all prior years' income taxes. Sarah's

Social Security number is $123-45-6788.$

Alfred's salary for $2023$ is $$150,000.$ He is an executive working for Cherry, Inc.

$($Federal I.D$.$ No$.98-7654321).$ As part of his compensation package, Cherry provides

him with group term life insurance equal to twice his annual salary. His employer

withheld $$20,800$ for Federal income taxes and $$8,000$ for state income taxes. The

proper amounts of FICA taxes $($Social Security and Medicare$)$ were withheld.

Beulah recently graduated from law school and is employed by Legal Aid Soci$-$

ety, Inc. $($Federal I.D$.$ No$.11-1111111),$ as a public defender. She received a salary

of $$43,800$ in $2023.$ Her employer withheld $$5,300$ for Federal income taxes and

$$2,400$ for state income taxes. The proper amounts of FICA taxes $($Social Security

and Medicare$)$ were withheld.

Alfred and Beulah received taxable interest income of $$500.$ They received a $$1,900$

refund on their $2022$ state income taxes; they claimed the standard deduction on their

$2022$ Federal income tax return. Alfred and Beulah paid $$4,500$ interest and $$1,450$

property taxes on their personal residence in $2023.$ They paid sales taxes of $$1,400,$ for

which they maintain the receipts. Alfred and Beulah have never owned or used any

digital assets, and they do not want to contribute to the Presidential Election Campaign.

Compute the Olds' net tax payable $($or refund due$)$ for $2023.$