All of the following are correct except?

a$.$

Pro$$tability is maximized by identifying and satisfying those customer needs that best exploit the company$$s strengths and the business environment.

b$.$

Many organizations now know, of course, that training staff to be nice to customers does not help a lot if the basic offer is fundamentally wrong.

c$.$

It is not essential to have a formalized marketing department for the analysis, planning and control as a company$$s product range and customer types grow

d$.$

Selling is just one part of this process, in which the transaction is actually clinched.