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Part C - Communication [15 marks] Word Bank: first class leaver, functioning ability, proximodistal principle, cephalocaudal principle, fine motor skills, gross motor skills, malnutrition, Biomechanical load-response pathway, psychomotor learning, preparation phase, Base of Support (BOS), second class leaver, force producing phase, preoperational stage, concrete operational stage, formal operational stage, motor development, social development. 1. The contains all of the movements that prepare an athlete for the performance of the skill. 2. The involves the synchronized movement of the skeletal and muscular systems in producing the movement and force needed to perform the task. 3. An example of a is when someone is when standing on tiptoe, the ball of the foot acts as the fulcrum, the weight of the body acts as the load and the effort comes from the contraction of the gastrocnemius muscle. 4. An example of a _is when the neck muscles provide the effort, the neck is the fulcrum, and the weight of the head is the load. 5. When the line of gravity falls outside the then a reaction is needed in order to stay balanced. 6. is the mechanical challenges to withstand high forces repetitively applied to the musculoskeletal system triggers mechanobiological tissue responses 7. motor development of muscles that enable babies to hold up their heads, sit and crawl, and eventually walk, run, jump and skip are classified as 8. a combination of cognitive and physical development, whereby the ability to develop a wide range of tasks is developed is known as 9. In the womb, the head and trunk develop before the arms and legs, then the hands and feet, and then the fingers and toes, is known as the 10. can cause deficiency diseases that adversely affect the growth and development of children. 11. the actual or potential capacity of an individual to perform the activities and tasks that can be normally expected is known as 12. during the toddlers use symbolic thinking, begin to use syntax and grammar, but complex and abstract thought is still difficult. 13. during the children can be theoretical, hypothetical and demonstrate counterfactual thinking, and strategy and planning become possible. 14. during the concepts can be attached to situations and time, space, and quantity are understood but not as independent concepts. 15. is the development of organized patterns of muscular activities guided by signals from the environment