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We assume that NPD research may be subject to response biases, if it is based on sole informants only. We apply an existing benchmarking approach for NPD processes in a comprehensive case study in order to illustrate sources and effects of single informant biases. We find that perceptions differ substantially among the individual respondents. In particular, we observe different functional perceptions between respondents from Marketing and Research and Development. The results are consistent with expectations from interface theory. These perceptual differences have a severe impact on the managerial conclusions drawn from benchmarking. There appears to be no single reliable source of information within an organization. Furthermore, variances among informants' assessments should be recognized and regarded as valuable information. It is our recommendation that multiple informa19

Question 21

In the chapter on diabetes you wrote that you should avoid tablets

before age of 40 years in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus

(NIDDM). Why is this, because in our country most doctors are

prescribing this?

Question 22

1. Should a patient poorly controlled on glibenclamide 15 mg a day and

metformin 1500 mg a day be moved onto insulin?

2. What are the indications for insulin in type 2 diabetics?

Question 23

What happens to the insulin-secreting capacity of a type 2 diabetic

placed on insulin therapy earlier than recommended? Can the external

supply of insulin improve the functional capacity of the insulin-secreting

cells, to some extent by providing some rest to these cells?

Question 24

1. Is inhaled insulin a suitable substitute for injectable insulin?

2. Is there, or will there soon be, insulin in the form of a tablet?

Question 25

What are the complications of insulin other than hypoglycaemia and

injection?

Question 26

I would like to know the processes that go into administering the

Alberti's/modified Alberti's regime in patients with uncontrolled

diabetes mellitus.

Diabetes mellitus and other disorders of metabolism 19

201

Question 27

Is there any role for steroids in the management of resistant diabetes

mellitus (daily insulin requirement exceeding 100 units/day)? Don't they

make glycaemic control worse?

Question 28

What is the importance of potassium chloride (KCl) in the treatment of a

diabetic patient (pre-operative care)? The formula in the text is explained

as 16 U of insulin10 mmol of KCl500 mL 10% glucose.

Question 29

What is the cut-off point of daily albumin excretion above which a

diabetic patient without hypertension should be given an angiotensinconverting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor?

Question 30

What is the urinary concentration or 24-hour urine albumin content above

which angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors should be started

in diabetic patients? Does an albumin (in microgram)/creatinine (in

milligrams) ratio above 30 in the morning sample indicate a need for this?