Allison purchased a portable propane stove from locally owned Sport and Camping Supply (SCS). SCS had purchased the stove from a wholesaler, who had purchased it from the manufacturer. The stove was defective and Allison was injured when it exploded. After proper notice, Allison sued the manufacturer for breach of warranty of merchantability. Alison was able to sue the manufacturer directly because her state had abolished the contract requirement of ________ privity.

A. Horizontal

B. Vertical

C. Primary

D. Equitable