Question
America one, a US-based company, established a subsidiary in Mexico on January 1 Year 1, by investing 300,000 Mexican pesos (MXN) when the exchange rate
America one, a US-based company, established a subsidiary in Mexico on January 1 Year 1, by investing 300,000 Mexican pesos (MXN) when the exchange rate was US$0.094 = 1 MXN. The subsidiary's opening balance sheet (in MXN) was as follows:
Cash.................... 300,000 Notes payable..................... 500.000
Fixed assets......... 500,000 Capital stock....................... 300,000
Total assets......... 800,000 Total liab. and equity.......... 800,000
During Year 1, the foreign subsidiary generated sales of MXN1,000,000 and net income of MXN 110,000. Dividends in the amount of MXN 20,000 each were paid to the parent on June 1 and December 1. Inventory was acquired evenly throughout the year, with ending inventory acquired on November 20, Year 1. The subsidiary's MXN financial statements for the year ended December 31, Year 1, are as follows:
Income Statement
For the year ended on 12/31, Year 1_________
____________________________________MXN____
Sales .......................................... 1,000,000
Cost of goods sold...................... (600,000)
Gross Profit................................ 400,000
Depreciation expense................. (50,000)
Other operating expenses.......... (150,000)
Income before tax...................... 200,000
Income taxes.............................. (90.000)
Net income.................... 110,000
Statement of Retained Earnings
For the year ended on 12/31, Year 1________
MXN____
Retained earnings, 1/1/Y1......... 0
Net Income................................ 110,000
Dividends................................... (40,000)
Retained earnings, 12/31/Y1..... 70,000
Balance Sheet
________________________December 31, Year 1______________________________
________________________MXN_____________________________________MXN__
Cash.......................... 80,000 Accounts payable.................. 80,000
Receivables............... 150,000 Notes payable....................... 500,000
Inventory.................. 270,000 Common Stock...................... 300,000
Fixed assets (net)...... 450,000 Retained earnings................. 70,000
Total assets.............. 950,000 Total liab and equity.............. 950,000
Exchange rates (US$per MXN):
January1, Year 1......................... $0.094
June 1, Year 1............................. 0.095
Average for Year 1..................... 0.096
November 20, Year 1................. 0.100
December 1,Year 1.................... 0.105
December 31, Year 1................. 0.110
Required:
The company is able to design its Mexican business such that (1) MXN is designated as its functional currency or (2) US$ is designated as its functional currency.
a. Which one will generate more net income? Why?
a1. By how much? What caused this difference?
b. Which one will generate more assets? Why?
b1. By how much? What caused this difference?
c. What are the amounts of translation adjustments in (1) and (2)?
c1. Describe how you calculated for each.
c2. Why did you calculate this way? (Hint: you need to discuss balance sheet exposure.)
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