Ammonia synthesis is a fundamental process for nitrogen based fertilizer production. Nitrogen gas from the atmosphere is combined with hydrogen gas at high temperature and pressure in the presence of a catalyst. The reaction produces ammonia, which is subsequently used to produce ammonium nitrate, urea, and nitric acid. Nearly 50% of the nitrogen found in human tissue is the result of this process. This process consumes 3-5% of the worlds natural gas production, or 1-2% of the total energy supply.

This process is generally called the Haber process, named after the developer, Fritz Haber. For more information, see the Wikipedia Article: Haber process

Please explain this process and draw a process flow diagram and provide relevant material balance equations. Please also provide a summary of the problem set up and how to set up the problem to solve for the extent of reaction for a specific combination of temperature and pressure.

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