An example of where an entity has a present obligation is:

Select one:

a. A public announcement made by an entity's management to undertake restructuring.

b. the declaration of a dividend by directors which is yet to be approved at a meeting of shareholders

c. a historical pattern of performing a major overhaul of plant and machinery every three years

d. a recommendation from the HR manager to the Board of Directors as to the level of bonuses to be paid at the end of the financial period.