An I$2$C master writing data byte $0$xab to slave address $0$xce, with the slave acknowledging. Assume the bus speed is $400$ kbps$.$ Assume one bit time passes between the end of the first acknowledgement and the first data bit of the next byte.

$1.$ Use Excel $($or other suitable software tools$),$ sketch the waveform for the SDA signal the transaction specified above, including start and stop conditions.

$2.$ Determine the total number of bits in the message frame $($excluding start and stop conditions$),$ and the time duration for this message frame.