An organization is implementing an intrusion prevention system $($IPS$)$ as part of its efforts to secure its enterprise infrastructure. The IT manager is considering the failure modes of the IPS and is deciding between a fail$-$open and a fail$-$closed configuration. What are the implications of each configuration on network traffic in the event of a system failure?

A$.$Fail$-$open will allow all traffic; fail$-$closed will block all traffic.

B$.$Fail$-$open will block all traffic; fail$-$closed will allow all traffic.

C$.$Both fail$-$open and fail$-$closed will block all traffic.

D$.$Both fail$-$open and fail$-$closed will allow all traffic.