Andrew has always been focused on his time as he dislikes being late for meetings and disrupting the start of the next scheduled meeting. After 30 minutes, Andrew has lost interest in his boss' presentation and is checking his email and schedule to ensure he can still be on time for his next meeting. Andrew is demonstrating characteristics of Question 8 options: 1) people-oriented listening 2) action-oriented listening 3) content-oriented listening 4) time-oriented listening