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Anna and Tom run a key exchange protocol similar to Diffie-Hellman, but using Elgamal. In the protocol, both Anna and Tom agree on a group
Anna and Tom run a key exchange protocol similar to Diffie-Hellman, but using Elgamal.
In the protocol, both Anna and Tom agree on a group described by (p, q, g) . Then Anna chooses a random number xa Zq as her private key, and computes ha = gxa mod p. Tom chooses a random number xb Zq as his private key, and computes hb = gxb mod p. They give ha, hb to each other through a secure, out-of-band channel.
To establish a shared key, they do the following:
- Anna chooses a random number ka, encrypts it under Elgamal using Tom's public key (p, q, g, hb), the resulting ciphertext is (gra, gka hbra), and the ciphertext is sent to Tom.
- Tom chooses a random number kb, encrypts it under Elgamal using Anna's public key (p, q, g, ha) , the resulting ciphertext is (grb , gkb harb), and the ciphertext is sent to Anna.
- Anna decrypts to get gkb , and computes (gkb)ka gkakb mod p as the shared key.
- Tom decrypts to get gka , and computes (gka)kb gkakb mod p as the shared key.
Yes/No, is the man-on-the-middle attack in the Diffie-Hellman protocol still possible?
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