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18 - Section 4.4 A Closer Look at T Question 10 of 11 - /1 View Policies Current Attempt in Progress Vitamin C for Sepsis. Sepsis occurs when a person's body has an overwhelmingly dangerous response to an infection. It can affect people of all ages and is life-threatening. Because vitamin C is believed to reduce inflammation, a randomized experiment was designed to see if intravenous administration of high-dose vitamin C would improve outcomes in patients with sepsis. Half the patients received an infusion of vitamin C while the other half received a placebo infusion. Fowler A, et al., "Effect of Vitamin C Infusion on Organ Failure and Biomarkers of Inflammation and Vascular Injury in Patients with Sepsis and Severe Acute Respiratory Failure," JAMA, 322(13), October 1, 2019. (a) Over a follow-up period of 28 days, the mean number of days on a ventilator was not significantly different between the two groups, while the mean number of days out of the Intensive Care Unit was significantly different. The p-values for these two tests were 0.03 and 0.15. Which p-value goes with which test? Ventilator test: ICU test: e Textbook and Media (b) Part (a) describes one test that was significant and one that wasn't in this study. In fact, many outcomes were measured and forty-six different tests were conducted. Forty-three of the 46 tests did not show a significant difference between the vitamin C group and the placebo group, while 3 did show significance at the 5% level. If vitamin C has no effect, how many of the 46 tests do we expect to show significance just by random chance? (Do not round off your answer.) i eTextbook and Media Why should we hesitate to attach too much importance to the three significant results? O Forty-six tests isn't enough tests. The significance level is too high. O This is the problem of multiple tests. We might make a Type 2 error in those significant tests. This is the problem of practical vs statistical significance. e Textbook and Media Save for Later Attempts: 0 of 4 used Submit