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t carry preferred stock in their capital mix want to nat only distribute dividends to common stockholders but also maintain credibility in the capital markets so that they can raise additional funds in the future and avoid pobential corporate raids from preferred stockholders. Consider the case of Red Oyster Seafood Company: Ten years ago, Red Oyster Seafood Company issued a perpetual preferred stock issue-called PS Alpha-that pays a fixed dividend of $6.00 per share and currently sells for $100 per share. Red Oystes management team is considering issuing a second issue of perpetual preferred stock. If the new issue-tentatively called PS Beta-is actually sold, the company will incur an underwriting (or flotation) oast of 5.30%. In addition, the underwriters are anticipating the need to pay a dividend of $14.25 per share to attract new investors, and is expecting to sell the new shares for $94.00 per share. As a componentin Red Oyster's weighbed average cost of capital, PS Alpha shares currently exhibit a cost of 5.10% 5.70% o 6.30% 6,00% If Red Oyster elects to issue its PS Beta shares, it will pay proceeds of per share in flotation costs, and will receive net per share from its underwriters Based on its underwriters' best estimates of the issue's expected future dividend and market price, the marginal cost of the PS Beta issue is expected to be: 20.01% 12.01% 16.01% 21.61% When raising funds by issuing new preferred stock, the company will incur an underwriting, or flatation, cost that the cost of preferred stock. Because the lotation cost is usually expressed as a percentage of price of ecreasese difference between the cost of preferred stock with and without flotation cost is increases ignore