Answer any of the following two:

i$.$ Consider following relation for published books:

Following is the information for your reference;

Book$\_$Title and Authorname together is the primary key

Author$\_$affil referes to the affiliation of the author.

Assume that following dependencies hold Book$\_$Title $-->$ Publication$\_$Year

Questions to answer;

a$.$ What normal form is the above BOOK relation in and why not in higher normal form? Explain your answer.

b$.$ Apply normalization to achieve the $3$NF normal form. Explain each decomposition that you do to achieve this normal form.

ii$.$ What is concurrency control? Why it is important for a transaction? Explain with an example.