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In these three classes, those who are maharlicas on both the father's and mother's side continue to be so forever; and if it happens that they should become slaves, it is through marriage, as I shall soon explain. If these maharlicas had children among their slaves, the children and their mothers became free; if one of them had children by the slave-woman of another, she was compelled, when pregnant, to give her master half of a gold tael, because of her risk of death, and for her inability to labor during the pregnancy. In such a case half of the child was free- namely, the half belonging to the father, who supplied the child with food. If he did not do this, he showed that he did not recognize him as his child, in which case the latter was wholly a slave. If a free woman had children by a slave, they were all free, provided he were not her husband.Lacuna-:11, "no cove...\" t'\" ......... These chiefs ruled over but few pEPIE: sometimes 35 many as a hundred huSES, thirty. This tribal gathering is called in Tagalog a borongnp, It was inferred that the reason for giving themselves this name HOSE from the fail: (as they are classed, by their language, among the Malay nations) that when they came to this land, the head of the hernngay, which is a boat, thus calledMas is discussed at length in the first chapter of the first ten chaptersbecame a date. And so, even at the present day, it is ascertained that this barangay in its origin was a family of parents and children, relations and slaves. There were many of these barongnys in each town, or, at least, on account of wars, they did not settle far from one another. They were not, however, subject to one another, except in friendship and relationship. The chiefs, in their various wars, helped one another with their respective borongavs. sometimes even less than e 'was a mahorlica and the other a slave, if two persons married, of whom on were divided: the first, whether male or whether namamahay or so guiguilin the children female, belonged to the father, as did the third and fth; the second. the fourth-and the sixth fell to the mother, and so on. in this manner, if the father were free, all those who belonged to him were free,- 1'th were a slave, all those who belonged to him were slaves; and the same applied to the mother. If there should not he more than one child he was half free and half slave. The only question here concerned the division, whether the child were male or female. Those who became slaves fell under the category of \"Wit\"dg which was their parent's, either nomamahay or so guiguilir. If there were an odd number of childre. the odd one was half free and half slave. l have not been able to ascertain with any certainty when or at What age the division of children was made, for each one suited himself in this respect. Of these two kinds of slaves the so guiguilir could he sold, but not the namarnahay and their children, nor could they be transferred. However, they could he transferred from the harangay bill inheritance. WWI-dd they remained in the some village. They condemned no one to slavery, unless he merited the death-penalty. As for the witches, they killed them, and their children and accomplices became slaves of the chief, after he had made some recompense to the injured person. All other offenses were punished by fines in gold, which, if not paid with promptness, exposed the culprit to serve, until the payment should be made, the person aggrieved, to whom the money was to be paid. This was done in the following way: Half the cultivated lands and all their produce belonged to the master. The master provided the culprit with food and clothing, thus enslaving the culprit and his children until such time as he might amass enough money to pay. the fine. If the father should by chance pay his debt, the master then claimed that he had fed and clothed his children, and should be paid therefor... ' In what concerns loans, there was formerly, and is today, an excess of usury, which is a great hindrance to baptism as well as to confession; for it turns out in the same way ' as] have showed in the case of the one under judgment, who gives half of his cultivated lands and prots until he pays the debt. The debtor is condemned to a life of toil; and thus borrowers become slaves, and after the death of the father the children pay the debt. Not doing so, double the amount must be paid. This system should and can be reformed. In the case of a child by a free married woman, born while she was married, if the husband punished the adulterer this was considered a dowry; and the child entered with the others into partition in the inheritance. His share equaled the part left by the father, or sons'than he, the children and the nearest relatives adulterer were not punished by the husband of the was not considered as his child, nor did he inherit der was not considered dishonored by the ave the woman. By the punishment of the nothing more. If there were no oth inherited equally with him. But if the woman who had the child, the latter anything. It should be noticed that the offen punishment inflicted, nor did the husband le father the child was fittingly made legitimate. Plasencia wrote: "This people always had chiefs, called by them datos, who governed them and were captains in their wars, and whom they obeyed and reverenced. The subject who committed any offense against them, or spoke but a word to their wives and children, was severely punished."