Answer the questions

Questions 1) Describe the trends in consumption (toward more recent times) for all three regions. 2) Give a possible explanation for the trends in consumption in India. In North America? 3 India currently uses more NKP than South America, even though India is less developed. Why might that be the case?Figure 2 (below) shows consumption and extraction trends for various types of products in three different regions (North America, South America, and India) since around 1970. South America India 20 000 North America 1600 3000 18,000 +Conanpin - Extmarion 1400 16 000 2500 Extraction $ 14800 2 1200 12000 10000 2000 10:000 THOUSAND METRIC TONS THOUSAND METRICTO 1,500 OLEAND ME 6000 1.600 2 4800 4000 ........ 2000 2800 Base Metals .Base Metals Base Metals 1570 1973 190 1983 1900 19% 1970 1975 1980 1980 1986 1980 A A YEARS A 180000 20000 90900 18000 +-Corampan 1403000 -Blazin 10300 180000 THOUSANDMETHC ONE THOUSANDM THOUSAND 20 ....."....... Iron & Steel Iron & Steel 1975 1980 186 180 2000 2006 YEVS YEARS 50000 3500 45000 +Grarpin 540000 2500 14070 30000 25000 . 2000 9 1.500 9 USAND 15000 E 10000 THOU 5000 .-Brain NPK NPK 200. .. NPK 1900 1905 1980 1986 1960 1986 2005 1900 19175 1980 1985 1980 2005 YEARS 1975 1980 1986 2010 C YEARS YEARS Figure 2: Consumption and extraction of various specific commodities in thousand metric tons for North America (left), South America (middle) and India (right). A. Base metals (Aluminum, copper, lead, and zinc); B. Iron and steel; C. NPR (Nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium), components often used in the production of fertilizer. From Rogich and Matos, 2008. North America includes the Canada, the United States, and Mexico.100 Total Africa Consumption Asia Rate of West Asia Industrial Europe Latin America & Caribbean Minerals & North America Chile Ore and Oceania Construction New Caledonia United Arab Emirates Materials5 Papua New Guinea Omar Cyprus Australia in the year Guyana Slovenia and 2000 Suiname Greach Saudi Arabi Malaysia United States of Ama (tons of Mongolia lorway Hahain Domestic gisumpuon Kazakhstan Japan Switzerland Material? Mauritani Jebokistan Bolivia Now Germany Consumption china Denmark Oman French /capita/year) Indonesia Mexic Argentina Puerto Rwanda Ghana Costa Rica United Kingdom Uruguay Viet Nam Guinea Hondur a Song Gabon Zambia Trinidad and Tobago Byvanland Banin grains enia Paraguay Ful Islands 1 Tajasian unutin (LUTIS VI DUmesuc Materials Entraa Lanka Ma anya Republic of Cango ganda / Haiti Gambia Ethicipia nor-Losta Angola Van fund Madagascar India Chad Dom Republic of Cango antral African Republic Samoa Djbc uti Equatorial Guinea Guinea-Bissivu 0.1 50 100 1,000 1x104 1x105 GDP per capita in year 2000 US$ Figure 1. The relationship between gross domestic product (GDP) per capita and the total domestic consumption rate of industrial minerals & ore and construction material in tons per capita for ~150 different countries in the year 2000 (Modified from UNEP Decoupling Report, 2011; Consumption (metabolic) rate data from Steinberger et al., 2010; GDP data from http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/ NY.GDP.PCAP.KD); Country region from http://unstats.un.org/unsd/methods/m49/m49regin.htm with the exception of considering Mexico as part of North America). Not all the countries plotted are labeled above due to space restrictions.People, Products, and Minerals Activity Economic Development and Resource Use Learning Outcomes Infer the relationships among sustainability, resource availability, population growth, and economic development 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) The plot in the previous slide shows the per capita GDP of many countries versus a measure of their natural resource consumption rate. In this case, consumption rate is the domestic extraction of a material plus its imports minus its exports of those same materials (in tons per capita per year). In this case. the natural resources measured are Industrial Minerals & Ore and Construction Materials. As the legend denotes. different regions of the world are indicated by markers of different colors and shapes Questions Provide the names of two countries that consume approximately the same amount of resources but have widely varying per capita GDP's. Provide the names of two countries that have approximately the same per capita GDP but have widely varying total consumption rates. Despite the pairs noted above, use the trend line in Figure l to describe the overall relationship between a country's wealth, as dened by its per capita GDP, and the amount of natural resources used (per capita), as dened by its total consumption rate. ls lndia more or less developed (as determined by per capita GDP) than most of the Latin American and Caribbean countries (which includes South America)? Why do you say so? Using this trend (from #3) predict what will happen as India's economy grows