Apple uses the normal distribution to determine the probability of defects and the expected number of defects in a particular production process.

Their production process manufactures items with a mean weight of 20 ounces and a standard deviation of 0.32 ounces.

Apple sets the process control limits such that products with weights less than 19.60 or greater than 20.40 ounces will be classified as defects.

1. Calculate the probability of a defect and the expected number of defects for a 18,000-unit production run.

2. Through process design improvements, Apple reduces the process standard deviation to 0.24. Recalculate the probability of a defect and the expected number of defects for a 18,000-unit production run.