Applied Accounting Year 1 Shift A Critical Thinking Assignment Assignment Instruction Assignment answer should be typed and printed Assignment question should be printed and attached to your printed answer Assignment should be submitted on Saturday, 23rd April, 2022 at Fourah Bay College Amphitheatre Auditorium Section A The following arguments are deductive. Determine whether the arguments are valid or invalid. Explain your answer in each case. 1. If Flipper is a dolphin, then Flipper is a mammal. Flipper is a dolphin. So, Flipper is a mammal. 2. If anything is a trout, then it's a fish. A dolphin is not a fi sh. Therefore, a dolphin is not a trout. 3. If we're at the North Pole, then we're on Earth. We are on Earth. Therefore, we're at the North Pole. 4. If Bigfoot is human, then Bigfoot has a heart. Bigfoot is not human. So, Bigfoot doesn't have a heart 5. Some people like ice cream. Some people like cake. So, some people who like ice cream must also like cake. 6. Simba is a lion. Necessarily, therefore, Simba must have four legs. 7. Your mother can't be a professional race car driver. Only men are professional race car drivers, and your mother, obviously, is not a man. 8. Science student: Science is often defi ned as the organized arrangement of known facts. But that cannot be the correct definition because a phone book is an organized arrangement of facts, and a phone book is not science. 9. Bill: I guess some of the seniors were late to practice this morning. Diane: How do you know? Bill: Because the coach said that anyone late to practice this morning would have to do wind sprints, and I just saw some of the seniors doing wind sprints. That'll teach them. 10. Frank: I'm going to bring my cell phone with me when I take the logic test tomorrow. Whenever I don't know the answer, I'll just call my roommate, Ted. He aced Logic last semester Maria: Are you crazy? Professor Hardy will never allow you to cheat like that! Frank: Sure he will. I distinctly heard him say, "No notes or books are allowed during the test," and phone calls, my friend, qualify as neither. It's simple logic: No notes or books may be used during the test; phone calls aren't notes or books; so, they are allowed. Maria: Clearly, you're going to need all the help you can get. Section B The following arguments are deductive. Determine whether the arguments are sound or unsound. Explain your answer in each case. 1. All mosquitoes are insects. All insects are animals. So, all mosquitoes are animals. 2. Either dogs are cats, or dogs are fish. Dogs are not fi sh. So, dogs are cats. 3. If Rome is in Italy, then Rome is in Europe. Rome is in Italy. So, Rome is in Europe. 4. If Bill Gates is a billionaire, then he's rich. Bill Gates is rich. So, he's a billionaire. 5. No cars are trucks. A Mazda Miata is a car. So, a Mazda Miata is not a truck. Section C The following arguments are inductive. Determine whether the arguments are cogent or uncogent. Explain your answer in each case. 1. Shakespeare was English, and he was a great poet. Milton was English, and he was a great poet. Wordsworth was English, and he was a great poet. I guess most great poets were English. 2. Harvard University has been a leading American university for many years. Therefore, probably Harvard University will be a leading American university ten years from now. 3. Ninety percent of Americans jog daily. Tom Cruise is an American. So, Tom Cruise probably jogs daily. 4. Very few people in this country are named Obadiah. Therefore, the next person I meet is unlikely to be named Obadiah. 5. John F. Kennedy was a Democratic president, and he cheated on his wife. Bill Clinton was a Democratic president, and he cheated on his wife. I suppose all Democratic presidents have cheated on their wives