APPLIED CHEMISTRY

In chemistry, salt is the substance produced by the reaction of an acid with a base. A salt consists of the positive ion, knowns as cations, and negatively charged ions, known as anions, which can be organic or inorganic in nature.

(a) Fill in I to X in the Table 1.

Table 1. The formation of salts from their respective acids and bases.

(10 marks)

(b) Acids and bases are essential for life. For example, a strong acid is required in the stomach to be able to digest the food. The worlds oceans can sustain life in part because the level of acid (or pH) of the water is kept constant through acid-base chemistry. In the same way, the pH of living cells is tightly regulated to allow cells to maintain their structural integrity, and for cellular processes of function.

Outline how can you make your own pH indicator solution. (15 marks)