Ark Industries			Apex Incorporated			Market Index
Capital gain/loss	Dividend	Purchased Price	Capital gain/loss	Dividend	Purchased price	Rate of Return
2020	$6.79	$2.23	$23.53	$5.80	$3.52	$79.32	51.8%
2019	-$5.08	$2.65	$28.61	$5.00	$3.65	$74.32	1.30%
2018	$13.40	$2.73	$15.21	-$12.80	$3.45	$87.12	11.90%
2017	$2.58	$2.57	$12.63	-$8.00	$3.47	$95.12	13.90%
2016	-$0.58	$2.23	$13.21	$10.88	$3.55	$84.25	15.80%

1. Use the data given to calculate the annual returns for Ark Industries, and Apex Inc during the 5-year period.
2. Calculate the historical average returns for Ark Industries, Apex Inc., and the market index during the 5-year period.
3. Calculate the standard deviation of the returns for Ark Industries.
4. An individual investor, James Bond needs an extra return of 6.0% before he will take on the stock markets risk to invest in Ark Industries. If the risk-free rate on long-term Treasury bonds is 5.0%. what would be the required return on the market?