As a firm's product moves along the product life cycle, marketing managers can expect all of the following to occur except ______.

customers' attitudes and needs may change.

the firm's marketing mix must change.

the competitive environment shifts toward pure competition or oligopoly.

industry profits increase until total product sales finally reach their decline.

total product sales reach the peak at the market maturity stage.

Multichannel distribution:

may involve using both direct and indirect channels simultaneously.

may offer producers a way to reach customers they would not be able to reach with a single channel.

is becoming more common.

may create channel conflict.

All of these alternatives are correct.

Channel systems in which the various channel members make little or no effort to cooperate with each other are called ________ systems.

traditional channel

vertically integrated

direct-to-customer channel

franchising

administered channel

Coca-Cola's carbonated soft drinks are available in millions of locations worldwide. This is an example of ____________ distribution.

administered

intensive

horizontal

selective

exclusive