As outlined by Kiechel (2012), all eras of modern Management thought have the focus of improving efficiency in the organization. But the eras of Management thought differed in their belief of the method of achieving this goal. Whereas the early 1900s viewed employees as cogs in a machine that could be made to work faster through appropriate job design and strict rules and policies, the mid-1900s, with scientists such as Peter Drucker, Abraham Maslow, and Douglas McGregor, argued for a. humanizing and respecting employees' thoughts, feelings, and attitudes. b. even stricter control over employees. c. quantitative psychology to define strategic thinking. d. bestowing complete autonomy to as many workers as possible. e. team-based organizations