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19. Which of the following is TRUE of period costs? O a. They are part of the cost of goods sold. O b. They are also called fixed costs. O c. They are costs incurred to generate revenue in a specific time period except the cost of manufacturing accumulated as cost of goods sold. O d. They are expected to benefit future periods. Oe. For merchandising sector companies, they include all costs not related to the cost of goods purchased for resale. 9. An Enterprise Resource Planning System can best be described as a. exception reporting system for plant managers. O b. a sophisticated means of linking two or more companies to facilitate their planning processes. O c. a database that is primarily used by a purchasing department to determine the correct amount of a particular supply item to purchase. O d. a single database that collects data and feeds it into applications that support each of the company's business activities, such as purchases, production, distribution, and sales. e. a collection of programs that use a variety of unconnected databases