ASSIGNMENT 1. ADVANCED GEOTECHNICAL DESIGN SEMESTER An embankment has been on a soft layer of ground. The height of the embankment is 3.0m with a unit weight of 18 kN/m3. The soft layer underneath the embankment is 16m thick. The soil properties are given in the table shown. Determine the actual consolidation and the time is taken without any ground improvement. If the embankment is associated with the PVD, how long does it takes for 90% consolidation to occurs?

A settlement marker readings were taken as shown in the table given. Using Asaokas method predict the real-time settlement that will occur

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Prefabricated Vertical Drain Data a) Type of Drain = Nylex Flodrain 2.50E-05 m3/sec b) Drain Discharge,qw c) Drain width, a 100 mm d) Drain thickness,b 4 mm e) Spacing of drain 1.50 m f) Pattern of drain installation T (S) quare or (T) riangular Soil Data and Assumptions Assume S 2 2 kn/ks = Ch/cy = 2 (kh/ky = 2.00) where s = ds/dw, smear ratio ds = diameter of idealized smear zone kn = horizontal coeff. of permeability ks = permeability of smeared zone Vertical Coefficient of Permeability Assumed ky = 8.41E-10 m/sec h) Radial coefficient of Premeability Assumed kh = 1.68E-09 m/sec Summary for Design Parameters DATA 1 m Gs eo Depth (m) 7 kN/m Su kPa PC kPa % m?/year 1.5 94 14 1.086 0.787 2.412 1.841 46 66 1.822 1.90 71 16 3.0 7.5 9 12 13 58 74 15.5 2.53 34 52 44 40 15 DATA 2 Y m Gs Su Cc eo Depth (m) 2 kN/m PC kPa % kPa m?/year 68 30 5 6.5 11 32 20 17 37 19 0.741 0.969 0.289 79 28 68 1.847 2.071 0.777 2.2 1.52 8.5 16.6 2.56 120 DATA 3 7 m Gs Cc eo kN/m Su kPa PC kPa % m/year 72 1.84 67 Depth (m) 3.5 5 8 9.5 12.5 1.259 0.934 2.4 2.2 94 2.0 43 16 16 18 21 15.3 2.54 87 41 41 0.321 0.961 104 7.028 PHARSB - ECSB JV CADANGAN PEMBANGUNAN KAMPUS TETAP UNIVERSITI TUN HUSSEIN ONN DI BATU PAHAT, JOHOR DARUL TAKZIM. SETTLEMENT PLATE MONITORING RECORD Instruments ID: SP 4 Reference Station: BM 2 (2.0947 mRL) Location: PROTOCOL ROAD (LHS) Date Installed: 21/8/2007 As-Built Chainage: Adjacent ground level Top of rod Total length of rod Base plate level Fill height above plate Cumm Settlement Remarks Date Days (1) (2) (3) (4)(2)-(3) (5)=(1)-(4) (6-4).-(4). (+Heave / - Settlement) mRL mRL m mRL m m 0 8 2.6717 3.1057 1.2480 1.2480 0.2111 0.6638 3.3942 3.7086 3.6899 3.6768 3.6557 4.5970 15 21 42 0.9654 3.5776 3.5184 0.0000Commissioning -0.0187 -0.0318 -0.0529 -0.1225 Rod extent -0.1792 -0.2302 Surcharge period start 20/10/07 -0.2453 49 63 70 4.2162 4.1955 4.1988 1.1699 1.1803 1.9348 1.9651 1.9835 1.9948 1.9958 2.0201 1.2480 1.2480 2.2589 2.2589 2.2589 2.2589 2.2589 2.2589 2.2589 2.2589 2.2589 2.2589 77 4.1971 2.4606 2.4419 2.4288 2.4077 2.3381 2.2814 2.2304 2.2153 2.2023 2.1949 2.1783 2.1701 2.1575 2.1414 2.1459 2.1438 2.1429 -0.2583 84 90 21/8/2007 29/8/2007 5/9/20071 11/9/2007 2/10/2007) 9/10/2007 23/10/2007 30/10/2007 6/11/2007 13/11/2007 19/11/2007 27/11/2007 4/12/2007 11/12/20071 18/12/2007 26/12/2007 1/1/2008 7/1/2008 14/1/2008 21/1/2008 28/1/2008 4/2/2008 14/2/2008 18/2/2008 26/2/2008 4.1907 4.1984 98 4.1875 4.1733 105 4.5403 4.4893 4.4742 4.4612 4.4538 4.4372 4.4290 4.4164 4.4003 4.4048 4.4027 4.4018 4.3868 4.3803 4.3755 4.3691 4.3658 112 4.1708 119 4.1657 2.2589 2.0174 2.0158 2.0294 2.0198 2.0156 2.0296 2.0187 127 4.1594 2.2589 133 4.1725 -0.2657 -0.2823 -0.2905 -0.3031 -0.3192 -0.3147 -0.3168 -0.31771 -0.33271 -0.3392 -0.3440 -0.3504 -0.3537 -0.3548 -0.3557 Surcharge period end 16/02/08 -0.3564 139 4.1466 2.1279 146 2.1214 2.0429 153 160 2.2589 2.2589 2.2589 2.2589 2.2589 2.2589 2.2589 2.2589 4.1643 4.1527 4.1590 2.1166 2.1102 2.0361 2.0488 167 2.1069 177 4.1557 4.1541 4.1498 4.3647 4.3638 4.3631 2.1058 2.1049 2.0488 2.0483 2.0449 181 189 4.1452 2.2589 2.1042 2.0410 Prefabricated Vertical Drain Data a) Type of Drain = Nylex Flodrain 2.50E-05 m3/sec b) Drain Discharge,qw c) Drain width, a 100 mm d) Drain thickness,b 4 mm e) Spacing of drain 1.50 m f) Pattern of drain installation T (S) quare or (T) riangular Soil Data and Assumptions Assume S 2 2 kn/ks = Ch/cy = 2 (kh/ky = 2.00) where s = ds/dw, smear ratio ds = diameter of idealized smear zone kn = horizontal coeff. of permeability ks = permeability of smeared zone Vertical Coefficient of Permeability Assumed ky = 8.41E-10 m/sec h) Radial coefficient of Premeability Assumed kh = 1.68E-09 m/sec Summary for Design Parameters DATA 1 m Gs eo Depth (m) 7 kN/m Su kPa PC kPa % m?/year 1.5 94 14 1.086 0.787 2.412 1.841 46 66 1.822 1.90 71 16 3.0 7.5 9 12 13 58 74 15.5 2.53 34 52 44 40 15 DATA 2 Y m Gs Su Cc eo Depth (m) 2 kN/m PC kPa % kPa m?/year 68 30 5 6.5 11 32 20 17 37 19 0.741 0.969 0.289 79 28 68 1.847 2.071 0.777 2.2 1.52 8.5 16.6 2.56 120 DATA 3 7 m Gs Cc eo kN/m Su kPa PC kPa % m/year 72 1.84 67 Depth (m) 3.5 5 8 9.5 12.5 1.259 0.934 2.4 2.2 94 2.0 43 16 16 18 21 15.3 2.54 87 41 41 0.321 0.961 104 7.028 PHARSB - ECSB JV CADANGAN PEMBANGUNAN KAMPUS TETAP UNIVERSITI TUN HUSSEIN ONN DI BATU PAHAT, JOHOR DARUL TAKZIM. SETTLEMENT PLATE MONITORING RECORD Instruments ID: SP 4 Reference Station: BM 2 (2.0947 mRL) Location: PROTOCOL ROAD (LHS) Date Installed: 21/8/2007 As-Built Chainage: Adjacent ground level Top of rod Total length of rod Base plate level Fill height above plate Cumm Settlement Remarks Date Days (1) (2) (3) (4)(2)-(3) (5)=(1)-(4) (6-4).-(4). (+Heave / - Settlement) mRL mRL m mRL m m 0 8 2.6717 3.1057 1.2480 1.2480 0.2111 0.6638 3.3942 3.7086 3.6899 3.6768 3.6557 4.5970 15 21 42 0.9654 3.5776 3.5184 0.0000Commissioning -0.0187 -0.0318 -0.0529 -0.1225 Rod extent -0.1792 -0.2302 Surcharge period start 20/10/07 -0.2453 49 63 70 4.2162 4.1955 4.1988 1.1699 1.1803 1.9348 1.9651 1.9835 1.9948 1.9958 2.0201 1.2480 1.2480 2.2589 2.2589 2.2589 2.2589 2.2589 2.2589 2.2589 2.2589 2.2589 2.2589 77 4.1971 2.4606 2.4419 2.4288 2.4077 2.3381 2.2814 2.2304 2.2153 2.2023 2.1949 2.1783 2.1701 2.1575 2.1414 2.1459 2.1438 2.1429 -0.2583 84 90 21/8/2007 29/8/2007 5/9/20071 11/9/2007 2/10/2007) 9/10/2007 23/10/2007 30/10/2007 6/11/2007 13/11/2007 19/11/2007 27/11/2007 4/12/2007 11/12/20071 18/12/2007 26/12/2007 1/1/2008 7/1/2008 14/1/2008 21/1/2008 28/1/2008 4/2/2008 14/2/2008 18/2/2008 26/2/2008 4.1907 4.1984 98 4.1875 4.1733 105 4.5403 4.4893 4.4742 4.4612 4.4538 4.4372 4.4290 4.4164 4.4003 4.4048 4.4027 4.4018 4.3868 4.3803 4.3755 4.3691 4.3658 112 4.1708 119 4.1657 2.2589 2.0174 2.0158 2.0294 2.0198 2.0156 2.0296 2.0187 127 4.1594 2.2589 133 4.1725 -0.2657 -0.2823 -0.2905 -0.3031 -0.3192 -0.3147 -0.3168 -0.31771 -0.33271 -0.3392 -0.3440 -0.3504 -0.3537 -0.3548 -0.3557 Surcharge period end 16/02/08 -0.3564 139 4.1466 2.1279 146 2.1214 2.0429 153 160 2.2589 2.2589 2.2589 2.2589 2.2589 2.2589 2.2589 2.2589 4.1643 4.1527 4.1590 2.1166 2.1102 2.0361 2.0488 167 2.1069 177 4.1557 4.1541 4.1498 4.3647 4.3638 4.3631 2.1058 2.1049 2.0488 2.0483 2.0449 181 189 4.1452 2.2589 2.1042 2.0410