Assume Kathi and Darrin wanted to establish college funds for each of the grandchildren. Which of the following statements would be true?

(a) An irrevocable trust with no retained property rights would be a completed gift for gift tax and estate tax purposes. (b) The transfers would not be subject to GSTT, regardless of to whom the money is paid, because the payments were made for education. (c) If Darrin and Kathi found out about Marie and wanted to establish a fund for her as well, then the transfer to Marie would be subject to GSTT. (d) An appropriate planning technique for both Elizabeth and James family would be to place the assets into 2 family trusts, 1 for Elizabeths children (with Elizabeth and Scott as joint trustees) and 1 for James children (with Catherine as the trustee).