Assume that Jay discovers, to his dismay, that his 2014 healthy-state income will be lower than his 2013 healthy-state income, but that his sick-state income I_S is unchanged from 2013 to 2014. Assume that his healthy-state income in 2013 is I_H and his healthy-state income in 2014 is I_H - . Assume 0 < p < 1.

a- What is the difference between Jay's expected income in 2014, E[I₁₄], and his expected income in 2013, E[I₁₃]?