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At the beginning of the year, Nevermore, Inc., initiated a quality improvement program. The program was successful in reducing scrap and rework costs. To help

At the beginning of the year, Nevermore, Inc., initiated a quality improvement program. The program was successful in reducing scrap and rework costs. To help assess the impact of the quality improvement program, the following data were collected for the current and preceding years:

Preceding Year

Current Year

Sales

$2,000,000

$2,000,000

Quality circles (Prevention)

9,000

10,000

Packaging inspections (Appraisal)

20,000

32,000

Scrap (Internal failure)

100,000

90,000

Lost sales (External failure)

180,000

160,000

Downtime (Internal failure)

125,000

120,000

Product inspection (Appraisal)

40,000

90,000

Required:

a. Compute each category of quality costs as a percentage of sales for each year.
Prevention costs
Appraisal costs
Internal failure costs
External failure costs
b. How much has profit increased or decreased as a result of quality improvements?
c. If quality costs can be reduced to 2.0 percent of sales, how much additional profit (in relation to the "Current Year") would result?

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