At the end , there is the outline of the solution, so please explain in details those method and from where the answrs ( numders) come .

here are the question + the outline of the solution

Pod Faglish: Our data per prege of claim that cand in period 2009 22 apreline of business, known at the end of year 2012 Within Table 1 cell c. meetsest of claim occurred at alle tai kelet de est of year (+) Poti: Na koniec roka 2012analujem dane dotyczace pe picco cme wantic skilderachy watach 2009-2012 Tabela w kolecet mojduje si zagrown watele scolastych w roku, bestaly zlikwidowane pred roko (+) Table Apple ci pod Skalowme welcold douch years of clay year of 2009 10000300 1050080 2011 12002200 2012 1750 year and reported before the end of your (t + ef cometemos as well the peal sexyapad Polish W Tabel 2 kode () muje se napreostanek kod nasty se postay pre pred tem roku) - gemach wiciente de telesne miezdne Tohle 2. Agregatet fcholestopeted (Sumowe wild 1 1 year of de 1800 2350 27500 1850430290 2011 19503490 2012 Faglish: Calening met at the end of your 2012 wing different methods The Chain-Ladiected applied to post chines de Assumed reserve for incuted but report cains set by the Chain Ladder Math: Oketererwe tasty vlek 2012. ok se seperti di da Metode Chains addere de danych oskach wypowych Moene terrey eskorty type (wycon Cable crew to say good indywidualne firm the composing in the offering completel will hear print Prasline, te plastic specimpul wedrese Solution (Rarwieranie) English: We apply the standard Chambader med for data frolle 1. Rool 3358 Asiale con poids do this file for the hele standing cline Applying the need for data from Tolle we come te 184336 this time the resulteers only claims incurred but not yet reported. The want hiss to be plemented by nerve for clits alica piel. Bestyrt pud Intention contained in differences between entries of table and Table 2. 2890 - 2730) 2000 - 2200) 2000 - 1250) - 1290 The final state sccording to methodbye to 1849.36 +1290 - 3133.36 of differentially from the time by dues with new key 1843.36 miestikwidowane treba do wy de Walterwy na chody now, ale medikwidan. Informacja o tome tkwi wicach pomidzy danymi 2890-2730) +420-2200)+(2000-1150) 1290 Ocznie wiem co metoda pagpunkcie al wynosi obliczona metody pisane w punkcie by wysed 1843.36 + 1290 3133 36. English: Our data represent aggregate amount of claims that occurred in period 2009- 2012 in a given line of business, known at the end of year 2012. Within Table 1 cell (t.1) concerns aggregate amount of claims occurred in year I and settled (paid) before the end of year (t + D). Polish: Na koniec roku 2012 analizujemy dane dotyczce pewnej grupy ubezpieczeno cznej wartoci szkd, ktre zaszy w latach 2009-2012. W Tabeli I w komrce (t.j) znajduje si zagregowana warto szkd zaszych w roku 1, ktre zostay zlikwidowane przed kocem roku (t+). Table 1. Aggregate amount of claims paid (Skumulowane wartoci szkd zlikwidowanych) years of delay 0 1 2 year of incidence 2009 2020 2600 2010 1050 2080 2730 2200 1150 1000 2860 1100 2011 2012 English: Within Table 2 cell (t.) concerns aggregate amount of claims occurred in year / and reported before the end of year (t + 1) -of course "reported" means as well these already paid as those not yet paid. Polish: W Tabeli 2 w komrce (t.) znajduje si zagregowana warto szkd zaszych w roku 1, ktre zostay zgoszone przed koncem roku (t+1) - zgoszone oznacza oczywicie zarwno te ju zlikwidowane, jak i te jeszcze niezlikwidowane. Table 2. Aggregate amount of claims reported (Skumulowane wartoci szkd zgoszonych) years of delay; 0 year of incidence 2009 1800 2380 2750 2860 2010 1850 2420 2890 2011 2480 2012 2000 1950 English: Calculate outstanding claims reserve at the end of year 2012 using two different methods: a) The Chain-Ladder method applied to paid claims data b) As a sum of reserve for incurred but not reported claims (set by the Chain Ladder method) and the case reserve Polish: Oblicz rezerw na szkody niezlikwidowane na koniec 2012 roku ze szkd w tej grupie ubezpiecze dwiema metodami: a) Metod Chain-Ladder zastosowan do danych o szkodach wypaconych b) Jako sum rezerwy na szkody niezgoszone (wyznaczon metod Chain-Ladder) oraz rezerwy na szkody zgoszone (metod indywidualna) Assume that claims reporting and settling in this line of business is always completed within a three-years period Pavimi zalozenie eenvoces zaluszania i likwidacji szkd Solution (Rozwizanie) English: We apply the standard Chain-Ladder method for data from Table 1. Result amounts to 3358. As this table contained paid loss data, this is a final result for the whole outstanding claims reserve. Applying the same method for data from Table 2 we come to the amount 1843.36. However, this time the result concerns only claims incurred but not yet reported. The amount has to be supplemented by reserve for claims already reported, but not yet paid. Information is contained in differences between entries of Table 1 and Table 2. The case reserve amounts to: (2890 2730) + (2480 - 2200) + (2000 - 1150) = 1290. Thus final estimate according to method b) amounts to 1843.36 + 1290 = 3133.36, and differs substantially from the estimate by method a). Polish: Do trjkta danych zawartego w Tabeli 1 stosujemy standardow metod Chain-Ladder, otrzymujc w rezultacie kwot 3358. Poniewa trjkt ten zawiera dane o szkodach zlikwidowanych, uzyskany wynik stanowi oszacowanie kwoty cakowitej rezerwy na szkody zasze lecz niezlikwidowane. Stosujc t sam metod do danych zawartych w Tabeli 2 otrzymujemy kwot 1843.36. Tym razem jednak jest to wycznie rezerwa na szkody zasze ale jeszcze niezgoszone. Aby otrzyma cakowit kwot rezerwy na szkody zasze i niezlikwidowane trzeba do tej kwoty doda warto rezerwy na szkody zgoszone, ale niezlikwidowane. Informacja o tej rezerwie tkwi w rnicach pomidzy danymi zawartymi w tabelach 1 i 2. Rezerwa ta wynosi: (2890 2730) + (2480 2200) + (2000 - 1150) = 1290. Ostatecznie wiec rezerwa obliczona metod pisan w punkcie a) wynosi 3358, za obliczona metod opisan w punkcie b) wynosi 1843.36 + 1290 = 3133.36. Pod Faglish: Our data per prege of claim that cand in period 2009 22 apreline of business, known at the end of year 2012 Within Table 1 cell c. meetsest of claim occurred at alle tai kelet de est of year (+) Poti: Na koniec roka 2012analujem dane dotyczace pe picco cme wantic skilderachy watach 2009-2012 Tabela w kolecet mojduje si zagrown watele scolastych w roku, bestaly zlikwidowane pred roko (+) Table Apple ci pod Skalowme welcold douch years of clay year of 2009 10000300 1050080 2011 12002200 2012 1750 year and reported before the end of your (t + ef cometemos as well the peal sexyapad Polish W Tabel 2 kode () muje se napreostanek kod nasty se postay pre pred tem roku) - gemach wiciente de telesne miezdne Tohle 2. Agregatet fcholestopeted (Sumowe wild 1 1 year of de 1800 2350 27500 1850430290 2011 19503490 2012 Faglish: Calening met at the end of your 2012 wing different methods The Chain-Ladiected applied to post chines de Assumed reserve for incuted but report cains set by the Chain Ladder Math: Oketererwe tasty vlek 2012. ok se seperti di da Metode Chains addere de danych oskach wypowych Moene terrey eskorty type (wycon Cable crew to say good indywidualne firm the composing in the offering completel will hear print Prasline, te plastic specimpul wedrese Solution (Rarwieranie) English: We apply the standard Chambader med for data frolle 1. Rool 3358 Asiale con poids do this file for the hele standing cline Applying the need for data from Tolle we come te 184336 this time the resulteers only claims incurred but not yet reported. The want hiss to be plemented by nerve for clits alica piel. Bestyrt pud Intention contained in differences between entries of table and Table 2. 2890 - 2730) 2000 - 2200) 2000 - 1250) - 1290 The final state sccording to methodbye to 1849.36 +1290 - 3133.36 of differentially from the time by dues with new key 1843.36 miestikwidowane treba do wy de Walterwy na chody now, ale medikwidan. Informacja o tome tkwi wicach pomidzy danymi 2890-2730) +420-2200)+(2000-1150) 1290 Ocznie wiem co metoda pagpunkcie al wynosi obliczona metody pisane w punkcie by wysed 1843.36 + 1290 3133 36. English: Our data represent aggregate amount of claims that occurred in period 2009- 2012 in a given line of business, known at the end of year 2012. Within Table 1 cell (t.1) concerns aggregate amount of claims occurred in year I and settled (paid) before the end of year (t + D). Polish: Na koniec roku 2012 analizujemy dane dotyczce pewnej grupy ubezpieczeno cznej wartoci szkd, ktre zaszy w latach 2009-2012. W Tabeli I w komrce (t.j) znajduje si zagregowana warto szkd zaszych w roku 1, ktre zostay zlikwidowane przed kocem roku (t+). Table 1. Aggregate amount of claims paid (Skumulowane wartoci szkd zlikwidowanych) years of delay 0 1 2 year of incidence 2009 2020 2600 2010 1050 2080 2730 2200 1150 1000 2860 1100 2011 2012 English: Within Table 2 cell (t.) concerns aggregate amount of claims occurred in year / and reported before the end of year (t + 1) -of course "reported" means as well these already paid as those not yet paid. Polish: W Tabeli 2 w komrce (t.) znajduje si zagregowana warto szkd zaszych w roku 1, ktre zostay zgoszone przed koncem roku (t+1) - zgoszone oznacza oczywicie zarwno te ju zlikwidowane, jak i te jeszcze niezlikwidowane. Table 2. Aggregate amount of claims reported (Skumulowane wartoci szkd zgoszonych) years of delay; 0 year of incidence 2009 1800 2380 2750 2860 2010 1850 2420 2890 2011 2480 2012 2000 1950 English: Calculate outstanding claims reserve at the end of year 2012 using two different methods: a) The Chain-Ladder method applied to paid claims data b) As a sum of reserve for incurred but not reported claims (set by the Chain Ladder method) and the case reserve Polish: Oblicz rezerw na szkody niezlikwidowane na koniec 2012 roku ze szkd w tej grupie ubezpiecze dwiema metodami: a) Metod Chain-Ladder zastosowan do danych o szkodach wypaconych b) Jako sum rezerwy na szkody niezgoszone (wyznaczon metod Chain-Ladder) oraz rezerwy na szkody zgoszone (metod indywidualna) Assume that claims reporting and settling in this line of business is always completed within a three-years period Pavimi zalozenie eenvoces zaluszania i likwidacji szkd Solution (Rozwizanie) English: We apply the standard Chain-Ladder method for data from Table 1. Result amounts to 3358. As this table contained paid loss data, this is a final result for the whole outstanding claims reserve. Applying the same method for data from Table 2 we come to the amount 1843.36. However, this time the result concerns only claims incurred but not yet reported. The amount has to be supplemented by reserve for claims already reported, but not yet paid. Information is contained in differences between entries of Table 1 and Table 2. The case reserve amounts to: (2890 2730) + (2480 - 2200) + (2000 - 1150) = 1290. Thus final estimate according to method b) amounts to 1843.36 + 1290 = 3133.36, and differs substantially from the estimate by method a). Polish: Do trjkta danych zawartego w Tabeli 1 stosujemy standardow metod Chain-Ladder, otrzymujc w rezultacie kwot 3358. Poniewa trjkt ten zawiera dane o szkodach zlikwidowanych, uzyskany wynik stanowi oszacowanie kwoty cakowitej rezerwy na szkody zasze lecz niezlikwidowane. Stosujc t sam metod do danych zawartych w Tabeli 2 otrzymujemy kwot 1843.36. Tym razem jednak jest to wycznie rezerwa na szkody zasze ale jeszcze niezgoszone. Aby otrzyma cakowit kwot rezerwy na szkody zasze i niezlikwidowane trzeba do tej kwoty doda warto rezerwy na szkody zgoszone, ale niezlikwidowane. Informacja o tej rezerwie tkwi w rnicach pomidzy danymi zawartymi w tabelach 1 i 2. Rezerwa ta wynosi: (2890 2730) + (2480 2200) + (2000 - 1150) = 1290. Ostatecznie wiec rezerwa obliczona metod pisan w punkcie a) wynosi 3358, za obliczona metod opisan w punkcie b) wynosi 1843.36 + 1290 = 3133.36