Automobile engines have become more complex over the past twenty years, partly as a result of environmental concerns about exhaust contaminants. Engineers have developed two basic approaches to solving the contaminant problem. The first emphasized the catalytic converter, a modification of the automobile exhaust system designed to break down pollutants. The second emphasized redesign of the automobile engine's combustion process, which adds more than twice the cost of the catalytic converter alone. However, redesigning the combustion process usually results in improved full efficiency.

Comment on the strategic advantage of redesigning the combustion process versus simply adding a catalytic converter. What are the ethical questions, if any, that should be addressed in the above decision?