Background: A randomized trial was performed to evaluate the effectiveness of a new drug on controlling Type I diabetes in teenagers. A random sample of 150 patients were obtained from the pediatric diabetes clinic at Sick Kids in Toronto, Ontario; 75 were randomly assigned to the treatment group (new drug) and 75 were randomly assigned to the control group (existing drug). You may assume that basic factors such as validity of the inclusion criteria, blinding, etc. were performed appropriately.

Baseline information such as age and gender were collected and key outcomes of A1C level and a number of hypoglycemic events were measured after four weeks. A1C levels indicate what percentage of your hemoglobin is coated with sugar (glycated). Higher A1C levels indicate poorer blood sugar control and a higher risk for diabetes complications. A hypoglycemic event occurs when the plasma glucose levels become too low; this is a common and adverse effect of diabetes therapy which has been shown to negatively impact on quality of life.

Instructions: The sample study data, which is comprised of 150 teenagers (75 treatment and 75 control) is available on Canvas as an Excel file (Assignment 2 dataset.xlsx). Please follow these instructions for importing data into SPSS.

For reference, the dataset contains the following variables to be used in your analyses:

Variable	Units and Code
Age	Years
Gender	0 = Male; 1 = Female
Group	1 = Treatment; 0 = Control
A1C	%
Hypo	Hypoglycemic Events: 0=no events; 1=one event; 2=Two or more events

1. Based on the available data, your goal is to answer the following research questions:

a. Is there a statistically significant difference in A1C levels between the treatment and control groups? Run the appropriate test at the 5% level of significance and decide on a 1-tail or 2-tail test.

b. Do the number of hypoglycemic events differ between the treatment and control groups? In other words, is there a statistically significant relationship between the number of hypoglycemic events and group (treatment and control)? Run the appropriate test at the 5% level of significance.

2. Write appropriate Methods, Results and Conclusion sections for a peer-reviewed article based on the results of your analyses for questions 1a and 1b above.

Please be sure to include the following key information in your report (also see Week 9 slides for more info on writing the Methods and Results sections):

• Methods: Statistical Techniques Used, Significance Levels, 95% Confidence Intervals, One- or Two-Tailed Tests, Software
• Results: `Table 1' (see below), Results for all research questions
• Conclusions: Three to four sentences to summarize the results of your study
• SPSS output of your analyses must be included in an Appendix

For the Results section, create a Table 1 to present all descriptive data for each variable except for 'Group'. This should be something like this:

	Mean	SD
Age
A1C
----
----
-----

Remember to include: a title for Table 1, units, and use frequencies/percentages for categorical data as appropriate. If any variables have missing values, make sure to also indicate how many values are missing (report the frequency (n) and percent of missing for the variable).

This is the data :

age	gender	group	A1C	hypo
17	0	1	5.2	0
13	1	1	8.4	0
17	1	1	6.5	2
18	1	1	6.2	1
18	0	1	7.2	0
18	1	1	6.8	0
14	0	1	4.9	0
15	0	1	5.8	2
13	0	1	6.0	1
17	0	1	4.6	2
13	0	1	6.7	2
18	1	1	4.9	2
18	1	1	8.9	2
16	0	1	7.0	0
13	0	1	7.4	1
14	0	1	3.8	2
18	1	1		0
14	1	1	3.7	0
15	1	1	6.9	2
16	0	1	5.3	0
18	0	1	6.2	2
17	0	1	4.5	0
18	0	1	7.3	0
13	1	1	5.1	2
14	1	1	2.4	0
18	1	1	7.3	1
17	1	1	6.7	1
14	1	1	6.2	2
16	1	1	8.0	0
17	1	1	7.0	0
17	1	1	3.5	2
14	1	1	12.1	2
17	1	1	7.1	1
15	0	1	7.3	0
16	0	1	2.7	0
13	1	1	5.6	2
18	0	1	4.4	0
18	1	1	8.1	2
18	1	1	7.6	1
13	1	1	6.7	0
13	0	1	5.9	0
18	1	1	8.7	2
17	0	1	8.8	0
15	0	1	6.6	0
15	1	1	7.5	1
13	1	1	6.7	0
18	0	1		1
13	1	1	9.8	1
16	0	1	5.0	0
18	1	1	3.8	1
16	0	1	6.2	0
14	1	1	7.1	2
15	1	1	6.5	2
15	0	1	7.6	0
14	0	1	2.4	0
13	1	1	9.1	0
17	0	1	4.3	2
18	0	1	6.4	2
17	0	1	5.5	2
13	1	1	7.9	0
17	0	1	4.8	1
16	0	1	10.3	1
16	1	1	6.6	0
16	0	1	6.7	0
16	1	1	5.3	1
15	1	1	5.8	1
15	1	1	7.2	2
14	0	1	3.0	0
16	0	1	6.1	1
14	1	1	4.8	1
15	1	1	1.4	2
18	0	1	3.4	0
14	1	1	4.4	2
15	1	1	7.4	0
18	0	1	6.2	1
18	0	0	4.7	0
15	0	0		0
15	1	0	3.5	0
13	0	0	6.7	1
17	1	0	4.4	1
17	0	0	5.3	2
18	0	0	6.3	0
13	0	0	5.8	1
16	1	0	6.8	1
13	0	0	9.6	0
15	0	0	6.5	0
14	1	0	6.7	2
16	0	0	11.3	1
18	1	0	8.2	1
16	0	0	8.1	0
18	0	0	3.5	1
14	0	0	7.0	1
13	1	0	6.9	2
14	0	0	7.7	2
16	0	0	7.5	2
17	0	0	5.7	0
14	1	0	1.0	2
15	0	0		1
13	0	0	7.0	1
18	1	0	8.5	2
18	1	0	8.6	2
13	0	0	6.9	0
17	1	0	8.2	0
16	1	0	6.0	0
14	1	0	7.5	2
17	0	0	6.1	0
18	1	0	7.3	0
14	0	0	13.0	2
17	0	0	5.1	0
18	0	0	9.4	0
16	0	0	7.1	2
17	0	0	11.5	0
14	0	0	9.7	1
16	0	0	8.4	1
18	1	0	7.0	0
17	1	0	7.4	0
14	1	0	9.8	2
17	1	0	8.1	1
13	1	0	5.8	1
18	0	0	8.1	2
16	1	0		0
18	0	0	9.9	0
18	0	0	10.4	0
16	1	0	9.7	1
17	1	0	7.1	2
17	1	0	9.2	1
14	0	0	7.1	0
14	0	0	6.9	1
15	1	0	8.9	0
17	1	0	10.0	1
18	1	0	7.1	2
15	1	0	9.1	2
16	1	0	6.9	0
14	1	0	11.8	0
16	1	0	4.8	0
13	0	0	7.1	0
17	1	0	7.7	0
16	1	0	5.9	1
18	0	0	8.9	0
14	0	0	9.4	2
18	1	0	7.7	0
18	1	0	10.1	0
16	1	0	7.4	0
14	1	0	7.3	0
16	0	0	6.0	1
14	1	0	10.1	0
15	0	0	7.1	1
16	1	0	8.2	2
16	1	0	8.5	1
14	1	0	6.4	2