Bernie Madoff is charged with the crime of fraud and is tried. He later had a civil suit filed against him by the victims. Which of the following is an inconsistent outcome?

a. Not guilty in the criminal case, liable in the civil case.

b. Not guilty in the criminal case, not liable in the civil case.

c. Guilty in the criminal case, liable in the civil case.

d. Guilty in the criminal case, not liable in the civil case.

e. A second trial violates Mr. Madoff’s Constitutional right against double jeopardy.