Bhavik used management by objectives to set goals for his department and clearly communicated goals to all of his employees. However, very few of his employees actually achieved their goals. Why might have Bhavik's goal setting process failed?

a$.$ Implementation was dictated by senior management.

b$.$ Lack of top management support.

c$.$ They are not used determine future promotion.

d$.$ No emphasis on quantitative goals.

e$.$ Resource shortages.