Biostatistic 4.6

Hypertension A national study found that treating people appropriately for high blood pressure reduced their overall mortality by 20%. Treating people adequately for hypertension has been dif- ficult because it is estimated that 50% of hypertensives do not know they have high blood pressure, 50% of those who do know are inadequately treated by their physicians, and 50% who are appropriately treated fail to follow this treat- ment by taking the right number of pills. 4.34 What is the probability that among 10 true hyperten- sives at least 50% are being treated appropriately and are complying with this treatment? 4.35 What is the probability that at least 7 of the 10 hyper- tensives know they have high blood pressure? 4.36 If the preceding 50% rates were each reduced to 40% by a massive education program, then what effect would this change have on the overall mortality rate among true hypertensives; that is, would the mortality rate decrease and, if so, what percentage of deaths among hypertensives could be prevented by the education program?*4.33 Of 75 offspring of mothers who used marijuana, 8 have a major congenital malformation. Is there an excess risk of malformations in this group? P O media Hypertension fe for ood, for A national study found that treating people appropriately for co pisode high blood pressure reduced their overall mortality by 20%. Treating people adequately for hypertension has been dif- ge the ficult because it is estimated that 50% of hypertensives do bir sodes u not know they have high blood pressure, 50% of those who of do know are inadequately treated by their physicians, and to odes of 50% who are appropriately treated fail to follow this treat- ment by taking the right number of pills. Ta the ten 4.34 What is the probability that among 10 true hyperten- dis sives at least 50% are being treated appropriately and are ye media is complying with this treatment? 4.35 What is the probability that at least 7 of the 10 hyper- have 3 tensives know they have high blood pressure? of life ? 4.36 If the preceding 50% rates were each reduced to will have 40% by a massive education program, then what effect would this change have on the overall mortality rate among 2 true hypertensives; that is, would the mortality rate decrease 3 and, if so, what percentage of deaths among hypertensives 4 could be prevented by the education program? 5 6 Renal Disease The presence of bacteria in a urine sample (bacteriumia) 8 is sometimes associated with symptoms of kidney dis- 9 ease in women. Suppose a determination of bacteriumia 10 has been made over a large population of women at one 11 point in time and 5% of those sampled are positive for 12 bacteriumia