Bond Premium and Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income

Q$1$ a$.$ What causes some bonds to be issued at a discount while others are issued at a premium?

Q$1$ b Which type is better to buy?

Q$2$a$.$ What events require accountants to use the account called accumulated other comprehensive income $($AOCI$).$

Q$2$b$.$ How does using AOCI affect Net Income?

Q$2$c$.$ How does the Bible verse $$Do not be among those who give pledges, among those who become sureties for debts$.$ Proverbs $22$:$26$ relate to $($AOCI$)?$