Buffalo (Pty) Ltd manufactures a variety of African beers. The company has provided you with the following background in respect of the enterprise: Its manufacturing activities have been approved by SARS as a qualifying process of manufacture. The company is not a small business corporation as defined in the IncomeTax Act, 1962 (Act 58 of 1962), as amended. Its financial year ends on the last day of February. Buffalo is a registered VAT vendor making only taxable supplies. Where needed, Buffalo obtained valid tax invoices and the required documentation for all its transactions. All amounts exclude VAT where applicable, unless specifically stated otherwise. The companys gross profit and other income, before other expenses is presented as follows: Extract of statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income for the year ended 28 February 2022: Notes R Sales 1 9 750 000 Cost of sales 2 (4 029 570) Gross profit 5 720 430 Other income 50 000 Interest received 3 50 000 Total income 5 777 430 Notes: 1. 5% of the sales amount reflected above, were returned. The adjustment for these returns has been made to the cost of sales account only, in the statement presented above. 2. Cost of sales, all at cost price, was determined as follows: R Opening stock 1 719 280 Add: Purchases 5 626 000 Less: Closing stock (3 315 710) 4 029 570 The market value for the opening stock was R1 650 000 on 1 March 2021 and the market value for the closing stock was R3 400 000 on 28 February 2022. 3. Interest was received from a fixed deposit with Afreak Bank (a local South African Bank). REQUIRED PART A MARKS Make the appropriate adjustments to each the amounts provided in the extracted statement (and notes hereto) above to determine the amount ultimately to be included in taxable income. Also indicate, where no adjustments are required, or amounts are exempt. 6 PART B Further to the above, you were furnished with the following in respect of additional expenses incurred by Buffalo during the year ended 28 February 2022. Expenses have been listed in alphabetical order. 1. Annuity R16 000 Buffalo paid an annuity to Lebogang, the widow of a deceased employee of Buffalo. 2. Depreciation R94 625 a. Equipment purchased for an amount of R1 293 750 (including VAT) at the start of January 2022 was brought into use on the same day. The equipment was not used as part of the process of manufacture. b. A delivery van was purchased for R168 000 on the same day as the equipment referred to in 2(a) above, for making deliveries to clients. It was however, only brought into use on 1 February 2022; and c. A yeast extraction machine, a machine used directly in the manufacturing process, was purchased secondhand for an amount of R190 000 on 1 March 2020. Transport and installation costs amounted to R9 790 and R3 960 respectively. The machine was first brought into use on 1 May 2020. 3. Donation R450 000 The donation was paid to a local Old Age Home. A valid section 18A receipt was received. No marketing benefit will be obtained from the donation. 4. Lease premium and lease expenses R170 000 Buffalo commenced leasing a commercial building for selling directly to the public. The details of the lease agreement are: Commencement date on 1 April 2021 5-year period, with an optional extension period of another two years. Lease premium, for right of use of property for R84 000, paid on 1 May 2021. Buffalo agreed to improvements on the premises to the value of R222 000 and paid a monthly rental amounting to R12 500, starting 1 May 2021. The building improvements commenced on 1 May 2021 and were completed and brought into use on 1 January 2022. The total cost of the improvements was R205 000. The amount of the lease improvement constitutes income in the hands of the lessor. 5. Penalties R12 105 Buffalo paid penalties for the late submission of tax returns to SARS. 6. Restraint of trade payment agreement R1 000 000 A former director of the company resigned 31 December 2021 and was paid a restraint of trade amount. The director contractually agreed not to associate with any competitor for a five-year period from 31 December 2021. 7. Salaries and bonusses R850 000 Salaries included a performance bonus payment to production staff for exceeding the sales and production targets and was paid on 28 February 2022. Additional information: Binding General Ruling: No. 7 lists the following write-off periods: o Non-manufacturing equipment: 5 years o Delivery vehicles: 4 years REQUIRED PART B MARKS Calculate the income tax liability of Buffalo (Pty) Ltd for its 2022 year of assessment. Provide brief reasons for each of the amounts excluded from your calculation. Ignore any Capital Gains Tax (CGT) effects.