c. Key on the musical scale d. Heart beats per minute of a Tour de France cyclist, averaged over the duration of the race e. Stage of fruit ripeness (e.g., underripe, ripe, or over ripe) f. Angle of flower orientation relative to posi- tion of the sun g. Tree species h. Year of birth Gender i. j. Birth weight 13. A researcher dissected the retinas of 20 ran- 1 f ine nav- by women who have lost their fetus by other causes at the same stage of pregnancy. Was this an observational study or an experimental study? Why? 12. Identify whether the following variables are numerical or categorical. If numerical, state whether the variable is discrete or continuous. If categorical, state whether the variable is nomi- nal or ordinal. a. Number of sexual partners in a year b. Petal area of rose flowers