Calculate the values for each scenario below:

You invest $14,000 today at 6% per year. How much will you have in 18 years?

What is the current value of $145,000 after 10 years if the discount rate is 11%?

You invest $6,000 annually for 20 years at 8%. How much will you have after 20 years?

How much must you set aside each year to accumulate $100,000 after 15 years? The interest rate is 8.5%.

How much must you repay each year for five years to pay off a $50,000 loan that you just took out? The interest rate is 4%.

A credit card company quotes a nominal APR (annual percentage rate) of interest of 15%. What is the effective rate of interest? Please explain your solution.