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Introduction

Some people may assume that murderers with a psychotic disorder are more dangerous and violent than murderers without psychotic disorder, or that individuals with a psychotic disorder are more likely to commit murder. The truth is that there is little known about the differences in motivation and offense behaviors between murderers with and without psychotic disorder. In the article "Motives, Offending Behavior, and Gender Differences in Murder Perpetrators with or Without Psychosis", researchers conducted a study in which they used a whole population of murder offenders in one Australian state over the course of an 8-year period, including those who committed murder-suicide, which is a group that often is ignored.

Synopsis of the Article

This article is specifically addressing the characteristics between murder offenses and non-psychotic or no psychiatric diagnosis and whether sex changes these factors. The main purpose of this article is to contribute to better prevention strategies. Specifically, how sex affects the characteristics between murder offenses and non-psychotic or no psychiatric diagnosis.

The study found that offenders diagnosed with a psychotic disorder were more likely to kill in revenge than other offenders. However, the overall results suggest that severe mental illness does not lead to uncontrolled impulsivity or total lack of planning regarding severe violence. Investigators used the police's databases, known as the Law Enforcement Assistance Package (LEAP), to look at all murders in the State of Victoria, Australia, between 1997 and 2005. 569 murders were investigated, ranging from convicted murder, manslaughter, filicide, murder/suicide and cases where individuals were found not guilty because of mental impairment.

This article uses statistical analysis in its research including researching whether there was a significant association between gender and the psychotic disorder group. For this test they performed chi-square tests because they are both categorical variables. Researchers stated that p-value is smaller than .001 which provides strong evidence that there is a statistically significant result. Based on the results, female offenders have a higher chance of being diagnosed with a psychotic disorder or nonpsychotic disorder than male offenders. Another analysis researchers performed in this study was the association between whether having no psychiatric diagnosis had an effect on the murderer being more likely to commit suicide afterwards. For this research question, researchers got a p-value of .028 using the chi-square test which indicates a significant result. According to the results, the likelihood of committing a murder-suicide was lower if the offender had any diagnoses than when not diagnosed.

Ultimately, the article concludedthat the perception of being wronged is a potential risk for the psychotic disorder group for committing a serious offense in order to get revenge. Clinicians and psychologists should expand their education in terms of working with clients with psychotic disorders that report a desire for revenge and are fearful of family members. Women diagnosed with a psychotic disorder or severe mental illness should be given access to mental health care, especially if they are in close proximity to children. Children in close proximity to women with a history of serious violence are at higher risk for victimization.

Critique of the Article

Firstly, this article relates to my topic of psychology in criminal behavior by investigating the association of offense characteristics between murder offenders with a psychotic, nonpsychotic, or no psychiatric diagnosis. Under a judicial system, it is important that all parties involved in a case receive accurate information about the offenses that transpired and what their causes were. For forensic psychologists, the findings of this article prove to be relevant to their responsibilities to carry out psychological assessments that will be examined in a court of law. Likewise, this article also relates to my topic of psychology in criminal behavior, as the textbook shows that a forensic psychologist's role in judicial rulings for insanity is crucial. For example, if a defendant's attorney argues that their client's motivation to commit an offense was influenced by terms of insanity, it would be the psychologist's job to employ assessments that can support such claim (Constanzo & Krauss, 2020). Thus, the more we know about the psychology behind criminal behavior, the better we can understand how to prevent further offenses.

This article is reliable because it is peer-reviewed and was published by Sage Journals, which has a good reputation. This article was well-written and reflective. It provides all the research methods, background information, results, conclusions, and references. This article uses all academic journals and peer-reviewed references which makes the study more reliable. This article provides 38 references in total.

Some limitations in this article include the possibility of The Vulnerable Persons Central Register (VPCR) under-reporting substance abuse, effective, and personality disorder which are often catered for by providers outside the public health sector. This bias could result in an over-representation of the group without psychiatric disorders at the expense of the nonpsychotic disordered group. Overall, although the data source may be undermined by incomplete entries, the weight of murder offenses confirms that the related data are more accurate than what may have been recorded for lesser crimes.

References:

Hachtel, H., Nixon, M., Bennett, D., Mullen, P., & Ogloff, J. (2021). Motives, Offending Behavior, and Gender Differences in Murder Perpetrators With or Without Psychosis. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 36(7-8), 3168-3190. https://doi-org.ezproxy.snhu.edu/10.1177/0886260518774304