Cardinal Company is considering a five-year project that would require a $2,975,000 investment in equipment with a useful life of five years and no salvage value. The companys discount rate is 14%. The project would provide net operating income in each of five years as follows:

Sales			$	2,735,000
Variable expenses				1,000,000
Contribution margin				1,735,000
Fixed expenses:
Advertising, salaries, and other fixed out-of-pocket costs	$	735,000
Depreciation		595,000
Total fixed expenses				1,330,000
Net operating income			$	405,000

4. What is the projects net present value?

7. What is the projects payback period?

13. Assume a postaudit showed that all estimates (including total sales) were exactly correct except for the variable expense ratio, which actually turned out to be 45%. What was the projects actual net present value?