Carter Corporation loaned $500,000 to Ford Foundation pursuant to an oral agreement granting a security interest in certain shares of stock held by Ford. Ford refused to sign a security agreement, but instead delivered the stock certificates in question to Carter.

Select one or more:

a.

The security interest of Carter is not perfected until Ford signs the security agreement or Carter files a financing statement, whichever occurs first.

b.

Carter must file a financing statement, or a copy of a security agreement, signed by the debtor to perfect its security interest.

c.

Carter has a perfected security interest in the collateral.

d.

Carter must sign the security agreement, and file either the security agreement or a financing statement to perfect its security interest in the shares of stock.