Caterpillar Financial Services Corp.(a subsidiary of Caterpillar) and Sterling Construction Corp.sign a lease agreement dated January 1, 2018, that calls for Caterpillar to lease a front-end loader to Sterling beginning January 1, 2018. The terms and provisions of the lease agreement, and other pertinent data, are as follows.

The term of the lease is five years

. The lease agreement is noncancelable, requiring equal rental payments at the beginning of each year (annuity due basis).

The loader has a fair value at the inception of the lease of $100,000, an estimated economic life of six years.

Sterling pays all of the executory costs directly to third parties except for the property taxes of $2,000 per year, which is included as part of its annual payments to Caterpillar.T

The lease contains no renewal options. The loader reverts to Caterpillar at the termination of the lease. Sterlings incremental borrowing rate is 11 percent per year.

Sterling depreciates on a straight-line basis.Caterpillar sets the annual rental to earn a rate of return on its investment of 10 percent per year; Sterling knows this fact.Caterpillar estimates a residual value of $5,000 at the end of the lease.

This is a finance lease with guaranteed residual value for the LESSEE

This is the only part i need help understanding. How do i calculate the present value of the five annual payments? My textbook is saying its 23,237.09 * 4.16986. Where is the 23,237.09 coming from? Is it coming from the fair value of the asset? How are we calculating the 23,237.09. Thank you