Chemistry to Life Connections $-$ Chapter $2$

Chapter $2$ introduces the "mole" as a quantity that can be applied to atoms of all types of elements in Chemistry. Similarly, a "dozen" is a quantity that can apply to things in our daily life... a dozen eggs, a dozen doughnuts, etc. There are TWELVE items in any DOZEN.

For this post, there are two parts you must complete.

$1.$List a few generic "quantities" you know of in your daily life... list them, and provide "how many" of a smaller unit are in them. Explain a how a "mole" and "avogadro's number" are similar in comparison to these every day quantities.

$2.$ Investigate the origins of the concept of avogadro's number and attempt to put it in common language in your post. Please avoid mathematical explanations that require posting formulas. We can accept that a "mole" is a set quantity of something, but this part of your answer seeks to explain why avogadro's number was chosen as the number of units that makeup a mole. This is challenging.