Classical management remains relevant to contemporary managers. In which of the following current situations is the relevance of classical management apparent?

Consulting companies, like IDEO, solve custom problems by providing unique solutions for every client.

Amazon.com's business model emphasizes efficiency.

Organizations like Apple, which promote innovation and out$-$of$-$the$-$box thinking, rely on highly specialized job descriptions.

Some companies cross$-$train employees to ensure that every employee can fulfill every job.